1
|
- Presentation to Café Scientifique
- Lethbridge, Alberta, May 5, 2004
- Duane Pendergast
- Computare
|
2
|
- Three main groups of countries
- Developed with little growth – Europe
- Developed with growth potential – USA, Russia, Canada
- Developing – no commitment goal
- Kyoto depends on Russia or USA ratification
- USA has officially dropped out - but
- Russian ratification in doubt – but
- Implementation unlikely – Goals will not be met
|
3
|
- Kyoto goal was set in 1997
- Tough but barely achievable then
- Subsequent setting of details made it impossible
- Details
- Restrictions on credits from nuclear technology
- No credits for clean energy exports to US
- Modest credits for forest sinks
- Unlimited credits for agricultural sinks
- Now 2004 –Canada can not meet goal by 2008
- Kyoto Protocol science basis questionable
- Where do we go from here?
- A need to review and restart
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
- Is IPCC view of carbon cycle one sided?
- Deems agricultural production “natural”
- Deems forestry activities “natural”
- Human control of land based carbon cycle
- Fossil fuels 6 billion tonnes
- 24 billion tonnes of plant production
- Opportunity
- Better integrate energy and carbon control
|
10
|
- We may need to control greenhouse gases
- The carbon cycle depends on energy input
- Natures carbon cycle shows us how to remove and keep carbon from the
atmosphere.
- Humans can use energy to remove
carbon from the atmosphere
- Examples
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
- Major component of the carbon cycle
- Five times bigger than fossil fuel
- Agriculture induced changes to carbon cycle
- Increased carbon uptake from atmosphere
- from fertilizer, irrigation,
plant breeding
- Historical removal of forests
- Historical carbon release from soil
- Produces carbon bearing waste streams
|
16
|
|
17
|
- Black carbon, charcoal, a component of soil
- more durable than other organic forms
- possibly forest and grass fires produced
- Amazonian agriculture
- some areas of rich black soil
- possibly man made centuries ago
- charcoal from variation of slash
and burn?
- Huge potential for soil and sink
|
18
|
|
19
|
|